Microplastics found in vast majority of pet food

A NEW study has revealed that microplastics were found in more than three-quarters of pet food products tested. 

The discovery has revealed a hidden source of plastic pollution that could be affecting pets, including cats and dogs, and wild animals such as hedgehogs. 

The study was carried out by researchers from the University of Sussex and the University of Exeter, supported by the British Hedgehog Preservation Society (BHPS).

Published in Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, the research analysed 38 different dog, cat, and hedgehog food products sold in the UK and microplastics were detected in 84% of brands, with cheaper 'value range' products containing more than pricier versions.  

Emily Thrift, lead researcher and PhD student, said: "Given the huge number of pets in the UK, as well as hedgehogs and other wild mammals which are fed these foods to supplement their diets, this represents a major, previously overlooked pathway for plastic to enter terrestrial ecosystems."

Despite higher concentrations in dry food, wet food leads to higher daily microplastic intake because larger portions are needed to meet energy requirements.

The researchers estimate that a large dog could ingest between 162 and 2,314 microplastic particles per day, depending on the food type and brand selected, which would later be excreted, potentially contaminating soil.  

Many wild animals are also fed pet foods in gardens, and hedgehogs could consume between six and 105 microplastics per day. This may also have potential implications for pet and wildlife health, although this was not the focus of this research.  

Fay Vass, chief executive of BHPS, said: "It’s of great concern that this study has shown hedgehogs in Britain appear to be consuming high levels of plastic.

"Although we are not yet sure of the impacts of this on hedgehog health, we do know that toxins can accumulate on microplastic particles.

"Microplastics are an increasing presence across the natural environment as well as the wider food chain, which is a broader issue of growing concern that must be addressed.

"Exposure to microplastics should be reduced wherever possible to help minimise this unnecessary risk." 

Fiona Mathews, Professor of Environmental Biology at the University of Sussex and overseer of the research, said: "Microplastics are not just a marine problem. Our pets may be inadvertently spreading plastic pollution through their food and faeces, affecting wildlife and the wider environment." 

At present, the sources of contamination are unclear, and further research is now needed to find out whether ingredient quality, packaging types, or processing methods are the main contributors to the problem. 

Tamara Galloway, Professor of Ecotoxicology at the University of Exeter, said: "Our results are a reminder that our pets are exposed to the same chemical pollutants as ourselves. Cleaning up the food chain is a crucial target for the future."